Sources & Data

Purpose

This page lists the principal public sources BY BANKS draws on when referencing third-party data, statistics, regulatory frameworks, programmes, and market figures across this Website. It is provided so that readers can locate authoritative primary sources and so that our editorial approach is transparent.

This page should be read alongside the Third-Party Trademarks & Illustrative Content and Third-Party Statistics & Market Data sections of our Terms & Conditions.

Editorial Approach

BY BANKS draws on publicly available information to contextualise the regulatory and market environment in which our services are delivered. Our approach is:

Public sources only. We reference material that is published by government bodies, regulators, recognised analysts, vendors, and established media. We do not rely on leaked, confidential, or non-public information.
Point-in-time accuracy. Figures, user counts, programme budgets, and regulatory thresholds reflect the position at the time of publication on this Website. Data changes over time and readers should consult the original source for authoritative current information.
No independent verification. BY BANKS does not independently audit third-party data. We aim to reference sources we consider credible but make no warranty as to accuracy, currency, or completeness.
Descriptive, not advisory. References to authorities, programmes, and regulatory frameworks are provided for descriptive context. They do not constitute legal, regulatory, or compliance advice, and readers should seek appropriate professional counsel for decisions.
Corrections welcomed. Where a figure or reference is inaccurate, we will correct it on request.

UAE Government Strategy & Programmes

Content referencing national and emirate-level strategy draws on official publications from:

Government of the United Arab Emirates - UAE Centennial 2071; UAE Vision 2031; UAE AI Strategy 2031; UAE Green Agenda
Government of Dubai - Dubai Economic Agenda (D33); Dubai 2040 Urban Master Plan; Dubai Universal Blueprint for Artificial Intelligence
Government of Abu Dhabi - Abu Dhabi Digital Strategy 2025-2027; Abu Dhabi Economic Vision 2030
Federal Authority for Government Human Resources; Ministry of Cabinet Affairs; Ministry of Finance - federal programme and budget disclosures
Dubai Paperless Strategy - Smart Dubai paperless transformation programme
u.ae - UAE Government unified portal and service directory

Digital Infrastructure & Identity

References to national digital infrastructure, identity, and service platforms draw on publications and disclosures from:

Telecommunications and Digital Government Regulatory Authority (TDRA)
UAE PASS - joint programme of TDRA, Digital Dubai, and the Department of Government Enablement Abu Dhabi (formerly DGE)
Digital Dubai / Smart Dubai - Dubai Pulse, DubaiAI, DubaiNow
TAMM (Abu Dhabi unified government services platform)
Government Service Bus (GSB) and related integration frameworks

Cybersecurity & Information Assurance

Content referencing national cybersecurity frameworks and information assurance draws on:

UAE Cyber Security Council
Signals Intelligence Agency (SIA) - publisher of the UAE Information Assurance Standards (formerly issued under the National Electronic Security Authority, NESA)
Dubai Electronic Security Center (DESC) - Information Security Regulation and related guidance
TDRA aeCERT

Regulatory Frameworks - Real Estate & Construction

Content referencing real estate, property, and construction regulation draws on:

Dubai Land Department (DLD) and Real Estate Regulatory Agency (RERA) - registers, circulars, and published guidance
DARI (Dubai Land Department property services portal)
Dubai Municipality - permit, classification, and inspection frameworks
Trakhees (PCFC) - licensing and approvals for Trakhees-regulated areas
Dubai Civil Defence - fire and life safety regulations and NOC frameworks
Cabinet Resolution No. (24) of 2012 - governing civil defence services and fire safety requirements
UAE Fire and Life Safety Code (September 2018 edition, as updated by Dubai Civil Defence)
National Emergency Crisis and Disasters Management Authority (NCEMA) - including NCEMA 7000:2021 business continuity and emergency management requirements
Abu Dhabi Department of Municipalities and Transport
Abu Dhabi Department of Urban Planning and Municipalities
Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) - energisation processes, connection frameworks, and utility approvals
Dubai Tenancy Law - Law No. 26 of 2007 (as amended) and related Land Department guidance on tenancy registration and Ejari
International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) - standard contract forms widely used in UAE construction (Red Book, Yellow Book, Silver Book, and related)

Regulatory Frameworks - Financial Services

Content referencing financial services regulation draws on:

Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates (CBUAE)
Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) and its Financial Services Regulatory Authority (FSRA)
Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) and the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA)
Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA)
Securities and Commodities Authority (SCA)
Al Etihad Payments (AEP) - Aani and Jaywan programme disclosures
Joint Guidelines for Financial Institutions Adopting Enabling Technologies - issued jointly by CBUAE, SCA, DFSA, and FSRA
Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) - Principles for Effective Risk Data Aggregation and Risk Reporting (BCBS 239) and related supervisory standards
Federal Decree-Law No. (6) of 2025 - CBUAE administrative fines, sanctions, and supervisory framework
Federal Decree-Law No. (20) of 2018 (as amended) - UAE Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing framework, including Suspicious Transaction Report obligations
CBUAE Financial Reporting and External Audit Regulation C 5/2023 (effective 30 April 2024)
IFRS Foundation - the IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts standard (effective 1 January 2023) and related insurance and financial reporting standards

Regulatory Frameworks - Healthcare

Content referencing healthcare regulation, licensing, clinical data exchange, and quality frameworks draws on:

Dubai Health Authority (DHA) - Sheryan licensing platform, professional and facility licensing manuals, Standards for Diagnostic Imaging Services, the Dubai Health Statistical Yearbook, and the Health Accounts System of Dubai
NABIDH - DHA health information exchange policies and onboarding standards
Department of Health - Abu Dhabi (DoH) - licensing, regulatory updates, and the Muashir quality framework (incorporating JAWDA quality indicators)
Malaffi - Abu Dhabi health information exchange (Abu Dhabi Health Data Services) disclosures
Abu Dhabi Healthcare Information and Cyber Security Standard (ADHICS) and AAMEN certification guidance issued under DoH
Ministry of Health and Prevention (MOHAP) - Riayati national health information exchange, the National Unified Medical Record, the National Licensing Platform, and Tatmeen pharmaceutical track-and-trace
Emirates Drug Establishment (EDE) - medical product and medical equipment regulatory services
Dubai Healthcare City Authority (DHCA) - the Masaar licensing framework and Dubai Healthcare City regulatory guidance
eClaimLink and the Dubai Health Post Office (DHPO); Shafafiya (Abu Dhabi health data exchange); Riayati Post Office - claims and data-exchange rails
Joint Commission International (JCI) - healthcare accreditation standards referenced in a UAE context
Federal Competitiveness and Statistics Centre (FCSC) - population statistics used for workforce and per-capita context

Regulatory Frameworks - Security Services

Content referencing private security, manned guarding, licensing, and operational standards draws on:

Security Industry Regulatory Agency (SIRA), Dubai - security company and personnel licensing, the Security Cadre Card regime, certified training centre listings, event security permitting, and the published violations schedule
SIRA Preventive System Manual (Administrative Resolution No. 13 of 2025) - risk-based deployment, supervision, approved smart-device and communication requirements, and record-keeping obligations
SIRA partner-service systems referenced descriptively for interoperability context - Secure Path, Video Guard, e-Guard, Tawash, and the Muraqib programme
Ministry of Interior (MoI) - the federal private-security framework and the Private Security Companies Organization Department for permissions outside the Dubai-only SIRA remit
Dubai Police - good-conduct certification referenced in security personnel licensing

Regulatory Frameworks - Agriculture & Food Safety

Content referencing UAE farms, livestock, controlled-environment agriculture, food traceability, and food-safety regulation draws on:

Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA) - farm registration, the National Livestock Identification and Traceability System (NLITS) administered through TAMM, the veterinary medicine register, inspection records, and the Zad food traceability programme
ADAFSA Regulation No. 4 of 2010 - livestock identification across Abu Dhabi
ADAFSA Animal Health Regulation No. 3 of 2008 - veterinary practice in Abu Dhabi
Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (MOCCAE) - federal food safety, animal-movement permits, veterinary medicine regulation, and livestock population statistics
Federal Food Safety Law No. 10 of 2015 (including Article 9 traceability and labelling obligations and the penalty schedule)
Federal Law No. 9 of 2017 - veterinary products, withdrawal periods, and penalty range AED 10,000 to AED 500,000
MOCCAE Resolution No. 27 of 2026 - three-year retention period for veterinary case records
Dubai Municipality Food Safety Department - the Dubai Food Code (Version 2.0, published 12 July 2023, including section 8.10 traceability requirements)
Dubai Municipality Foodwatch - food handler registration, training, and inspection platform
Dubai Municipality FIEMIS - Food Inspection and Establishment Management System
Ministry of Industry and Advanced Technology (MoIAT) - Emirates Conformity Assessment Scheme (ECAS) standards relevant to farm produce (ESMA functions were merged into MoIAT)
Silal - UAE produce aggregation, the 14-centre collection network, and the contracted-farm supply programme into GMG retail
Carrefour MAF - Syndigo supplier onboarding requirements and product-data specifications for UAE-supplied produce
Spinneys - Farmers' Club contracted-farm programme (operating since 2016)
Pure Harvest Smart Farms, Bustanica (Emirates Flight Catering), Madar Farms, Smart Acres, Badia Farms, and the ADQ AgTech Park - publicly disclosed UAE controlled-environment agriculture (CEA) operational scale and capacity figures
AeroFarms - publicly reported Abu Dhabi facility operational status (opened 2023, Chapter 11 filing 2024)
Al Rawabi Dairy, Al Ain Farms, Marmum, KIZAD dairy facility - publicly disclosed UAE dairy operational scale (herd size, milk yield, daily output)
Esri UAE office and gistec (Esri distributor partnership) - geographic information systems used for UAE farm spatial reference and parcel data

Industrial Value, Procurement & Trade

Content referencing procurement, industrial policy, and trade frameworks draws on:

Ministry of Industry and Advanced Technology (MoIAT) - In-Country Value (ICV) Programme and certifying body publications
Ministry of Economy
Abu Dhabi Department of Economic Development (ADDED)
Dubai Department of Economy and Tourism (DET)
UAE Federal Customs Authority
Dubai Customs and Mirsal 2 - declaration platform and customs clearance frameworks
Dubai Trade - single-window logistics and trade portal for Dubai-licensed traders and free zones

Anti-Money Laundering & Financial Crime

Content referencing AML, financial crime, and sanctions frameworks draws on:

Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
Middle East and North Africa Financial Action Task Force (MENAFATF)
UAE Executive Office for Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing
UAE Central Bank AML/CFT supervisory guidance

Industry Research & Analysts

Content referencing market sizing, sector trends, and competitive context draws on publications from recognised research providers including:

MAGNiTT - MENA venture capital and fintech market reporting
Gartner - technology sector research and Magic Quadrant reports
Mordor Intelligence - sector market sizing
MarkNtel Advisors - UAE sector market sizing (including facilities management and manned guarding)
Oxford Business Group (OBG) - UAE sector reports including agriculture, food security, and controlled-environment agriculture context
ProductDataScrape - UAE grocery retail channel sizing and hypermarket distribution data
Lulu Retail - publicly disclosed UAE store-count and operational footprint data
Swiss Re - insured loss estimates for UAE natural-catastrophe events including the April 2024 floods
Euromoney - banking awards and regional analysis
GlobalData - UAE ICT spending and digital sector market sizing
UAE Ministry of Economy and Tourism - ICT sector publications and disclosures
Juniper Research; Ken Research; ResearchAndMarkets; Fitch Solutions / BMI; PwC; Deloitte; EY; KPMG; McKinsey & Company
Cooper Fitch; Robert Half; Hays Middle East; Michael Page; ManpowerGroup (Employment Outlook Survey, including Middle East Q3 2025); Mercer; Korn Ferry - UAE and GCC salary guides, employment outlook, and remuneration research
Analytical commentary on UAE digital and AI transformation from publications including Computer Weekly, The Next Web, Middle East AI News, Gulf Business, HEMOdata, and similar industry outlets
Legal and professional services commentary from major UAE and international firms (Clifford Chance, DLA Piper, Addleshaw Goddard, Ashurst, Gibson Dunn, Bird & Bird, Pinsent Masons, Norton Rose Fulbright, A&O Shearman, Herbert Smith Freehills Kramer, Trowers & Hamlins, and others)

AI Strategy, Adoption & Industry Research

Content referencing UAE and global AI strategy, agentic AI adoption mandates, and readiness research draws on:

UAE Government Media Office (mediaoffice.ae) and the Dubai Government Media Office - primary publication of UAE federal and Dubai government directives, including the federal agentic AI directive of 23 April 2026, the Dubai private sector agentic AI mandate of 4 May 2026, the Federal Government Employees' Skills and Capabilities Development Programme, and Agentic AI Retreat materials
UAE Cabinet and the Office of the UAE Minister of State for AI, Digital Economy and Remote Work Applications - programme disclosures and federal AI initiative materials
Dubai Future Foundation (DFF) and the Dubai Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DCAI) - accelerator, programme, and Dubai AI Week materials
Dubai Chamber of Commerce and Dubai Chamber of Digital Economy - private sector agentic AI adoption delivery, business council programmes, and the Unicorn 30 Programme
Stanford Institute for Human-Centered AI (HAI) - Stanford AI Index reports including the 2026 edition
Salesforce - State of IT survey, including UAE-specific findings on agentic AI readiness, infrastructure confidence, and guardrails
Mohammed Bin Rashid School of Government (MBRSG) and Google.org - UAE AI and digital SMEs ecosystem research
LinkedIn Economic Graph - workforce, talent migration, and AI talent concentration data

Media & Press

Content referencing specific events, announcements, and market developments draws on established media outlets including Gulf News, The National, Khaleej Times, Gulf Business, Economy Middle East, WAM (Emirates News Agency), Zawya, Reuters, Bloomberg, Financial Times, The Paypers, Ledger Insights, Fintech News UAE, and other recognised publications.

Vendor & Platform Disclosures

Content referencing specific enterprise platforms, banking cores, and software vendors draws on vendor-published product documentation, customer case studies, press releases, and technical materials - including publications from Oracle, SAP, Microsoft, Infosys Finacle, Mambu, Thought Machine, Temenos, Finastra, Surecomp, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Salesforce, and similar vendors.

Content referencing AI compute and AI infrastructure context draws on disclosures from G42 (Abu Dhabi), MGX, Mubadala, Khazna Data Centers, Presight AI, OpenAI, NVIDIA, Oracle, Cisco, and SoftBank, including materials relating to the Stargate UAE compute cluster and the Global AI Infrastructure Investment Partnership.

Reference to a vendor does not imply partnership, reseller status, certification, or any commercial relationship with that vendor unless expressly stated.

BY BANKS Proprietary Research

Where content references figures drawn from our own work - for example, in our digital retail intelligence research - such figures are clearly identified as BY BANKS proprietary research rather than as third-party data. Proprietary figures are drawn from internal analysis of anonymised datasets and are used to illustrate patterns and capabilities. They are not representations about any named client's operations.

Keeping This Page Current

This page is reviewed periodically and updated as our source base evolves. The review date above reflects the last full review. Individual figures on landing pages and articles are not time-stamped; readers requiring current data should consult the primary source directly.

Corrections & Feedback

If you believe a figure, reference, or attribution on this Website is inaccurate, outdated, or should be clarified, please contact us and we will review it promptly. Where a correction is warranted, we will update the relevant content and note the change.